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Coaxial Shearing Paraffin
Deposition Cell (CSPDC)
The CSPDC allows dynamic wax deposition data to be obtained
from a static sample. With strict control of the shear rates
applied to the cold surface and accurate control of the temperature
differential between the bulk oil and the cold surface, profiles
of the wax deposition rates with reducing temperatures can
be determined in the laboratory and applied to full-scale
pipelines. Roemex also have a high-pressure cell to more accurately
model deposition in a pressurised environment. The technology
is extremely reliable and is our most efficient tool for evaluating
products under field conditions.
PMAC
This PMAC is regarded as an industry standard and consists
of a peristaltic pump, which feeds heated black oil through
a capillary coil. The coil is immersed in a cryogenic bath
at an appropriate temperature (usually 4°C) to facilitate
the precipitation of paraffin wax in the coil. The coil is
attached to a backpressure transducer, which records the pressure
in the coil as the paraffin begins to deposit. Results are
displayed on a chart recorder with inhibitor efficiency related
to the degree by which pressure rises are suppressed; this
is therefore the index to the efficiency by which paraffin
deposition is inhibited.
Cold Finger
The cold finger test is regarded as the most simplistic test
for the screening of wax deposition inhibitors. A cooled liquid
is run through a tube immersed in hot, black oil, with the
quantity of paraffin wax adhering to the cooled surface quantified.
Inhibitors can be graded on the efficiency by which they inhibit
the deposition of the wax to the cooled surface. Roemex have
developed this technology with custom-built glass fingers
for greater deposition with less oil use per test.
Dynamic Viscometry
The Haake Viscotester 550 is utilised to measure the viscosity
and flow behaviour of crude oils and is particularly useful
in characterising the effectiveness of Pour Point Depressants
(PPDs) over the temperature profile of a given pipeline. The
dynamic viscometer is an extremely versatile instrument giving
information on viscosity, shear stress, shear rate and yield
point of crude oils and chemical additives.
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